2021年全球燃料电池行业回顾（英）-E4tech.pdf-solarbe文库

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1 FUEL CELL INDUSTRY REVIEW 2021 The Fuel Cell Industry Review 20212 FUEL CELL INDUSTRY REVIEW 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of many individuals and companies within the fuel cell industry in providing information for and assistance with the compilation of the Fuel Cell Industry Review 2021. The Fuel Cell Industry Review 2021 is based on shipment information between October and December and news items up to December. COPYRIGHT we have resisted second- guessing developments for the rest of the year. Our 2019 hope that the industry would ship 2 GW came true a year late – in fact over 2.3 GW went out in 2021. Total units were up too – by 4,000 to nearly 86,000. There is no change in the main contributors though – Hyundai and Toyota dominate the power side and Ene-Farm the units, though portable power showed an uptick. PEM fuel cells for all mobility uses are 86 of the MW – even more than 2020. But the interesting movements are not in these headline figures – though they offer clues. The two car models being shipped are helping prove the technology for all transport, including stimulating the very encouraging uptake of heavy duty solutions. The increasingly broad PEM supply chain also plays a development role – offering options for different end-user players and gradually reducing cost. Hyzon continues its meteoric rise in heavy duty, mainly trucks for now, announcing financing, partnerships and early shipments on a regular basis. Ever more Hyundai FC trucks run around Switzerland, quietly getting on with the job of delivering goods, and truck numbers nearly doubled in Europe overall, also increasing substantially in China. Cellcentric and Toyota continue their development pathways in the sector, and Nikola seems to have survived its near-death experience and is pushing forward with Iveco. And nearly all the major truck manufacturers in Europe have now called for the creation of a network of around 300 high- performance HRS by 2025, rising to 1,000 by 2030. A notable dissenter is Scania, which now seems to have set its path on renewable fuels and battery electric vehicles. Global FC bus shipments dropped slightly in 2021, to around 1,100 units, with a fall in Chinese demand; Europe saw a doubling to around 220. Rail appears set on a slow and steady growth path, with Alstom and Siemens entrenching further with Cummins and Ballard respectively, and players from India to North America exploring the option. Around 50 train units are anticipated globally by the end of 2022, and more are being ordered. Fuel cell activity is also increasing in shipping, with Doosan using Ceres technology, Prototech/ Clara Sunfire stacks, TECO 2030 AVL fuel cells and Topsøe. Larger SOFC and PEM systems are now being researched actively for propulsion, not just hotel loads. Timelines in aviation are just as long, but announcements from Airbus with Elring Klinger, PowerCell, ZeroAvia and Universal Hydrogen with Plug Power are only a part of the ongoing activity, with regional flights the initial target. And Plug is continuing its ‘total system’ mission – it is now the largest global supplier and user of liquid hydrogen, its aviation play is one of many it has all across transport, and it is looking to scale up the hydrogen production capability from its Giner acquisition. That scaling is not just for Plug’s own use. Hydrogen roadmaps and targets have not only continued to appear but have increased in ambition. Plug intends to be one of many suppliers of equipment into the emerging market, and likely also of the hydrogen produced. They are one of only a few players to do both fuel cells and electrolysers, though that is changing. Cummins is a long-term player in both; Sunfire too; Bloom has partially rediscovered its roots and is making SOEC as well as SOFC, and other SOFC companies like Ceres and SOLIDpower have similar developments ongoing. Even start-ups like Bramble now target this space. This set of multiple target markets and even business models partially reflects the earlier days of the industry, when Ballard, inter alia, covered everything from portable power to marine and large stationary. Back on the growth curve