Anti-Soiling coating for PV Application-刘苗苗-solarbe文库

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CONFIDENTIAL Anti-Soiling Coatings For PV Applications Royal DSM 10th Nov. 2018 Contents Introduction to DSM in solar DSM Anti-Soiling coating technology Soiling test methods and results in the lab Validations of Anti-Soiling coating outdoor 1 Page Contents Introduction to DSM in solar DSM Anti-Soiling coating technology Soiling test methods and results in the lab Validations of Anti-Soiling coating outdoor 2 Page DSM at a glance 2016 3 Page Global science-based company active in health, nutrition and materials Listed at Euronext NYSE Share price quintupled in 25 years Sustainability leader Top ranking Dow Jones Sustainability Index Net sales € 7,920 in million workforce 20,786 98 nationalities DSM Advanced Solar in one view Markets by region | 2016 Global presence Products Open innovation is key to future growth Partnerships and development programs with leading R DSM AS, 3.0; Vulcan, 2.0 DSM Anti-Soiling coating – test performances DSM Anti-Soiling coating passes IEC standard tests and industry laboratory tests e.g. DH, HF, PCT etc.. The coating is 100 inorganic which gives it an excellent UV-resistance in desert conditions. Accelerated cleaning tests have been executed by 2 leading vendors of robotic cleaning equipment. No significant change in optical properties nor surface damage were observed after 500 cleaning cycles with sand equals biweekly cleaning for almost 25 years. Cleaning test set-up in the lab 9 Page 90 92 94 96 98 100 ARC ASC ARC ASC ARC ASC Tran sm iss ion Coating Before testing After testing Damp Heat test 1000 hrs Pressure Cooker Test 24 hrs Humidity Freeze test 10 cycles 90 92 94 96 98 100 400 600 800 1000 1200 Trans mi ttance Wavelength nm Reference after 416 times after 520 times Various durability results Transmittance ASC after x cleaning times Contents Introduction to DSM in solar DSM Anti-Soiling coating technology Soiling test methods and results in the lab Validations of Anti-Soiling coating outdoor 10 Page Soiling test methods – Taber oscillation test DSM, NL Taber oscillation test was originally designed to test coatings in lenses and windows according to ASTM F735, DSM adapts such set-up for soiling test by using Arizona sand. The ASC shows virtually no loss in optical performance in such test, while AR-coated and uncoated glass exhibit 2 /4 loss. 11 Page blank glass With ASC Soiling test methods – dust settling/removal tests DSM, NL 12 Page -20 -15 -10 -5 0 3 5 7 9 11 Tran smiss ion lo ss Wind speed m/s Blown Uncoated Blown AS002M IP Dust settling and removal tests demonstrate that dust is removed faster and more efficiently from coated glass with DSM Anti-Soiling Coating than from standard AR-coated glass or uncoated glass. The detail studies shows that there is a critical wind speed to differentiate the performances of DSM ASC and uncoated glass. Within tested range, the higher the wind speed, the more efficient the ASC up to 50. Anti-Soiling coating Uncoated glass Dust settling test Dust removal test Soiling test methods – wind tunnel test KU Leuven, BE The DSM Anti-Soiling coating facilitates dust removal by wind or gravity. DSM internal findings are confirmed by wind-tunnel tests at KU Leuven. Dust can be removed at lower windspeeds from glass with DSM Anti-Soiling coating than from AR-coated and uncoated glass. 13 Page Anti-Soiling coating Uncoated reference Dus t rem ova l Freestream wind speed Contents Introduction to DSM in solar DSM Anti-Soiling coating technology Soiling test methods and results in the lab Validations of Anti-Soiling coating outdoor 14 Page Outdoor testing - test site info The test site is located at Dunhuang. 3 type of modules are being tested there blank, AR- and AS-coated modules, each type of module has 10pcs. The testing/monitoring is on string level and the power before invertor is recorded every minute. The wind speed is usually small, around 1-5 m/s. If there is a sandstorm, the maximum wind speed is around 20 m/s. Sandstorms only happen in spring. The Anti-Soiling coating consistently outperforms the uncoated and AR-coated modules, the average additional DC output is 4.13 vs uncoated modules and 1.1 vs AR-coated modules. The same trend is observed for AC output. 16 Page Outdoor testing – overall and specific performances 𝐸𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 𝐸𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑦𝑃 𝑆𝑇𝐶,𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑦 [kWh/kWp] 𝐸𝑑𝑖𝑓,𝑎𝑐𝑐 𝐸𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐,𝐴𝑆𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ − 𝐸𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐,𝐴𝑅𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ [kWh/kWp] 𝐴𝑆𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝐸𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐,𝐴𝑆 −𝐸𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐,𝐴𝑅𝐸 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐,𝐴𝑅 Outdoor testing – anti-soiling performances The anti-soiling performance at this location is AS-coated modules AR-coated modules blank modules. It is clear that the soiling is not constant, different soiling rate can be extracted from the plot. Cleaning process can have a significant impact on the module performances, however, it might not fully recover the module performances i.e. PR values 1. 17 Page 𝑃𝑅 𝐺𝑆𝑇𝐶𝑃𝑚𝑝𝑝 𝐺𝑃𝑂𝐴𝑃𝑆𝑇𝐶[1 𝛾100 𝑇𝑚𝑜𝑑 −𝑇𝑆𝑇𝐶 ] Specific energy is calculated. Data with irradiance 700 - 1200 W/m2 is included. The temperature coefficient γ is set at –0.45/°C. Aug 2016 Sep 2016 Oct 2016 Nov 2016 Dec 2016 Jan 2017 Feb 2017 Mar 2017 Apr 2017 May 2017 Jun 2017 date 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 1.05 P R 0 20 40 R a i n [ i n ] AS AR BL Cleaning Rain Fall SNOW SNOW An example of the soiling rate is estimated from performance ratio calculated during 3 weeks in Oct. – Nov. 2016. The soiling rate on AS-, AR-coated and blank modules is -0.15/day, -0.22/day and - 0.24/day, respectively. The AS-coated modules show 32 and 37 less soils than AR-coated and blank modules during these period of time, respectively. Outdoor testing – anti-soiling performances 19 Page Conclusions DSM’s new Anti-Soiling coating combines excellent anti-reflective and anti-soiling properties with a high durability. There is no standard soiling test methods in the lab, the anti-soiling performance of DSM Anti- Soiling coating is proven on various test methods, both internally and externally. Depending on location and soiling event, DSM Anti-Soiling coating can significantly improve the energy output of modules outdoor due to less soiling. Anti-Soiling video 20 Page Thank you for your attention Questions For more information www.dsm.com/solar 21 Page DISCLAIMER Although DSM has used diligent care to ensure that the information provided herein is accurate and up to date, DSM makes no representation or warranty of the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of the information. This publication is distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressly or implied. In no event shall DSM be liable for any damages arising from the reader’s reliance upon, or use of, these materials. The reader shall be solely responsible for any interpretation or use of the material contained herein.