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» 40 » 11 ù È ï“d ¹Ð eÅ Vol.40 No.11 2012 M 6 1 ° Power System Protection and Control Jun. 1, 2012 ±© ¹s fÖZ ¦Ñ ¸½î ¦ .î öêvÐÈ ýñÐý öê6 2 ÊÈ ï ³_©s ³ Ê ÊÜ K1 ±©[Y ¹¥y ÍÉ s4 ±©¥ ¹ÅiÉ _b±©“d ¥ ¹¶ I n IM TÈ÷¥K T¨±© _Ö Î¶8 I nY¥¨ ¹]Z T/¥ aÐ eÅZ T¥xØ [îT HW¥ Ø Â©Ù5bty ÍÉs¥ 4 ±©¥ ¹Å¿L p¨ ó ¹ ¿µp¨òMÈ O T¹p bùîÏ æ¨/ç [2] b ³ DG ¤ ÆíÙ5¥ZE ¨±©/ Âm 1b Ä ±© {ÿ q8ïC µyN¿±©ðµ ¹öÁ 3 æYbp H±©YV 7ÐÈ©¤Ä PCC LCKvK¹ æ¨ DG 4Ú ¨¼È¥ V Lb p H±© ¹ Î ë “¸Ù5 ±©cµ¿ IM ¥ s TÈ÷ Hb m ±©²m Fig. 1 Schematic of the microgrid - 56 - È ï“d ¹Ð eÅ ¥È©¥ ¹û ¿ VÈ ¥7±© Ï{ IM DG ûö y ÎYK vyN p f /íE4v¥ È P.dV ¹íqíEÈ î [3] bÓD [4]YV|±©s îs É ¹p Hº³|Ms M“ V ¹ZE1 ¯³18 I n dd a,b,c,n k k II I    ,½È µ½È [³ 1] 4â ¹îT HW© ¥7 O|±©s¹ s¥ZE9 æ¿KvK æ¨ DG® s¨¼¥È V LbÓD [5] 9 ,È ¨¿±© ,È µZ_ V[ /L É ¹ ÓÏiÃÉÚ ¥ _¾ ¹ZEÈ ¥ L¨´¤ bÓ D [6-7]¨ 3È ¾ ËÈ V[_© VÈ V / 4â O VIñ V LCMºW¥Y ¾ ¹ZE 1 p ÚbÓD [8]| î©Èâ Ð dq US ª|Mª¥Èâ] IÈâM1 µ´v¿îT´5KC u up¥ us YV]È W¥Y LC ¿¥ ¹ Àµ I n DG eÅZ T] H Ô q¥Yb Óö1 Ù5V±© ¹s¥ 4 ±© ¹¥Btn ð5 ZEeaY á Îb ±© ¹³ I nÙ5 ÐvÈ©]±©¥ ¹Ð µ1-¥ yb ±©Ö ¥² ç ±©¥ _Ö .d ¹Ï¥Ê4ð5±© ¹Ï 4 ¡ [9] b ±©ÏBîô ]È÷¥Ä |]¥ eÅZ T¿ ïÈ;Èt {ÿ q s Y1 v¥È÷ ÏYV ¥ Â¥ ZE P ËÈ÷ô µ³ pØÈ 5³1 ¥ v ¸ ¥ Âö®“d¥Ü6 yN Ë V 3 ÷¥ “S ûKv¥ æ¨ q s TÈ÷ { ÿ qü { ÿ q [10] ± © 9 HBîö ¡N ËÈ÷o ¬ ¨p¥Äb üF ±©ÏÖ î¥ ç 9 ¹ ZE HÐ V S sÖ ¥Yb Y ]©Èâ© ¥È©ÏBî ¨¿ Y¥ ¹b±©Ïp¥ ¹¯µ H ³1 æ¨Ä¥ ¹ »û±©¥ç9³ 1 p H¹ M“b¿Y¥ ¹ V[ z¹îtÿ b ±©L ö þÉ¹ä ÜP·ZL ¡¥ ë b Â|±©T¹ µÿ ¥Æ ¥È©Bs¥ I n MMSÆ ±©5 Ø“d [11] Âm î Ub MMS ¹ ±© KÜ6µr¹³]±©¥òñs û ó“ Ø Â MMS ÿ ¥ f / V I n| ¹ Â] M²°¤ æ¨ Y¡h “d¥ g b ¹]Z T/¥ a ±©; V[i©» V[ÿ ë¥Ä ó ¹¥ 9{ ¥GHq/ È ® DG 4¿ IM ¥ DG íE4 v¥ È bi©Hq/ È VYV ÝFç Ø sÈ© 4v¥ È I M DG4¥ È º] È l¥B s [12] b ÕZ T/ È µYv BÕZ T/ V¥ ¹ZE 6BÕZ T / V M¤ Vb mÝFð ØspÈ Fig. 2 Analysis of the fault current by means of superposition theorem ¿ È ¥tÄBîµ ÕZ E [9] B ÂKÅHq P ¹ V[]¥ Z T 9 V[ a¨¿ ÕZ T¥ ¹ ¦ {b Ï - VYV]Z T/pÈ ¥ 9 Ø çM ¸ LC yKÅHq¥ F Æ P¤ ¹M¤¯bª V[YVB* ¹T ¨¿]¥Z T ¹ a¥1 p1 Úb p M“ HW ±©Ï¥s TÈ÷¨È ïÈ0¤ g P¤±© µ 8aY Î y©Äb Ï ¨ ¥È©M]Èâ©/¥p M“ HW ¸ P ±©“d çb p M“ HWÎ¾ I nµ¥ ùËñ £p M“ª“dÎ ûçb è ÂÈî µ î]¥1 èv “¸p M“ HW Ø M pÄ ÖËÈîµÄÍ “¸p b“ HW [10] b ] eÅZ TÐ ¹¥ DG ¥ eÅ ±© eÅ¥ “ -1¿ DG fÖZ© ±© ¹s - 57 - ¥ eÅZE¥ùî1 [13] Èn¥µâ Ô e Åa PQ eÅa P-fQ-V/ÈMÄb s TÈ÷ eÅZEÉ 9 H¾ I np f i |A1n è Â ´KK C HW ¥© ] H ¹Z T9¾ s¹ I n DG eÅZ T¥Y 9Ð eÅZ TMxØ ¥ ¹ V a¨¿ © eÅZ T¥ ¹b ¹ 9 ]vÈ©B“±© 3p HYÈ ¬°¤ MÕÈ÷7 YV ¹ Â¥Ê4| ps M“ £±©“d¥çÈs¥ Èb±©“d tÈ÷“4È ïµ Î¤µ ð T¥µ1 Â £µyN÷ M“tÈ÷b ¿pÊÂ Y±©¥pÉs Ë V s¹ Â/ ØÕ f m 1 1 ¥È©p F1 2± © L p F2 3±© µp F3b Ï F1 ¿±© up ÓÃÍùîb ¿ F2 p V¨ ó ¹b ó ¹YV 1 ¹íq ¥È © LCi ÐM íq¥ ¥Ù5ö s IM eÅZ TK T¨¥Yb O ó ¹Yá Î H |pL M“À¿y¹p HW þÉ7 P± © b F3 Ëp¹k ,½È ¹¥ð Ø |ò MÈ O T¹p b[ÏÄ¤¹ ¤¹ Õµ¤LZ T¹ è¿ - V |ò MÈ O d abc k k ii  T¹p m 3ab ªYV ØØL m 3bg V[ |¤ò MÈ O d a,b,c,n k k ii    bÃ 3p f / d i 0 ¹ u 3ë¤¹p H d i 0 çîT´ V LCp/¥ îTb¾ ¹Z EºQ ¹ u ¥ë¤¹pö s IM eÅZ TK ¥Y OîTá Îb®¿ ±© ö þv µL ¥Ø9ö/ î þv¥-g ] H9« 8 ¹ W¥ ó L b I n LCZEÐ eÄ H¾ ¹]“ V[ºÊ4È Z_É1 b mµp ¹ Fig. 3 Protection of load faults a. ungrounded b. grounded îµpÏM¤¹p î]1 è Ú [ ZE V[ LCt f p¥ ¹b Ï tµ¿ ¹µ Ú1 p VØL ÄM ÿÉ ¹ð Ø Âm 4 î U¾ZE]“ a¨¿ Mµ¥ ¹b m ÄMÉ ¹ Fig. 4 Protection of each phase L ¹µ ¹ 2 H¶ HK 7 M1 DGb[ DG 4â ¹¹ è¾ 4â ¹ ¾ HWüþ v[ ð ¹îT¥ H Wb _Ðs ÓÊ |m 1±©Ï¥BH LÉ_ùî m 5b±©¹ 380 VÈâ© L¤µ ñµ ñ DGDG eÅZ T Âm 6 î U Ï V dc 800 V IM g LC ro L f 0.6 mHC f 1 500 μFb DG ¸ P50 kW±©L Bî ¨ E F _Ï[1 óÈEÈË E R l 0.0641 ΩL l 0.032 mHb±©Z T H DGºó 1µ Load1 Èµ¨¤LÈEÈË 1 ó R 1.25 ΩL1 mHb - 58 - È ï“d ¹Ð eÅ m ùî î¨±©² Fig. 5 Schematic of the microgrid in this paper eÅZ T DG eÅZ T98² Âm 6 î Ub m eÅZ T98² Fig. 6 Schematic of a DG control system DG¨ P-fQ-V/o¡f L ´¢ 1Ä , © . ±È©/ ùî [J]. 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Power System Protection and Control, 2010, 3819 235-239. Pogaku N, Prodanovic M, Green T C. Modeling, analysis and testing of autonomous operation of an inverter-based microgrid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2007, 22 2 613-625. là ° ù ©í ° ù Teº fÖZ 3ùî 3ö1ùîZ_¹È ¹a±© eÅÐ ¹ E-mail yuhai9798 sina.com ¦Ñ 3p V¬ qö1ùîZ_¹ È ï ÿS©Ð½ b

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