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2017 Jenya Meydbray Frederic Dross DNV GL 2017 i www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 1 1 2 . 3 2.1 4 2.2 6 3 . 7 3.1 . 7 3.2 . 8 3.3 . 9 4 10 4.1 11 4.2 11 5 12 5.1 12 5.2 13 5.3 15 5.4 17 5.5 19 5.6 PID .21 6 23 6.1 .23 6.2 24 7 28 29 DNV GL .29 Talesun Silfab Solaria Vikram SolarWorld Q CELLS REC SunPower S-Energy SunSpark DNV GL 2017 1 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 1 1954 1997 10 25 25 PV 300 GW 78 20 GTM Research 1-1 2010 2016 80 2016 2017 35-50 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017E 2019E 2021E GWdc 2017 2019 2021 GWdc 2.5 78 DNV GL 2017 2 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 1-2 H PERC PERT PERL 20 DNV GL 1.99 1.53 0.72 0.69 0.64 0.57 0.41 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 /W 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 /W 1.99 1.53 0.72 0.69 0.64 0.57 0.41 DNV GL 2017 3 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 2 2-1 IEA PVPS 2014 2-1 [] LID 0.5-5 AR EVA / PID P DNV GL 2017 4 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 2.1 NREL Dirk Jordan Sarah Kurtz 1 40 200 10,000 LID NREL 2-2 Compendium of Photovoltaic Degradation Rates , D.C. Jordan, et al, NREL, 2015 2-2 NREL Kurtz-Jordan 60 45 150 0 30 2-3 41 1 Compendium of Photovoltaic Degradation D.C. Jordan, et al, NREL, 2015. DNV GL 2016 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Degradation Rate [ / year] 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Degradation Rate [ / year] [ / ] [ / ] -0.2 0.2 0.6 1 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3 3.4 3.8 4 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.9 1.3 1.7 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.3 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.9 DNV GL 2017 5 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL / / Alex Bradley 2017 2-3 NREL 2-4 Heliolytics Heliolytics, Summary of DC Losses Observed using Aerial Infra-Red Inspection Across 1.6 GW , Rob Andrews and Kristine Sinclair, 2017 2-4 Heliolytics 24 2 1 1 9 4 59 DNV GL 2017 6 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 2.2 25 25 A B 2-1 NREL 2-1 TCO Reliability Testing Beyond Qualification as a Key Component in Photovoltaic s Progress Toward Grid Parity , Wohlgemuth, et al, NREL, 2011. DNV GL 2017 7 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 3 3.1 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Block Buy 2 3-1 Joint Research Center 3 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 3-1 Jet Propulsion Laboratory Block Buy JPL Block Buy 20 70 ESTI 20 70 IEC 61215 - UL 1703 2 https//www2.jpl.nasa.gov/adv_tech/photovol/Pub_blockbuys.htm 3 https//ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/esti_european_solar_test_installation_en.pdf DNV GL 2017 8 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 3.2 UL / IEC UL 1703 IEC 61215 JPL Block Buy PID IEC 61215 IEC 6.1 DNV GL 6 IEC 61215 - 3-2 6 IEC DNV GL Laboratory Services Group 3-2 DNV GL 200 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Power Degradation [] IEC 6 IEC 61215 a.u. [] DNV GL 2017 9 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 3.3 3 25 80 25 DNV GL 2017 10 www.dnvgl.com DNV GL 4 DNV GL 4 2012 PQP PQP PQP DNV GL PQP DNV GL PAN [IAM] [NOCT] LID 4-1 PQP
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